Amalia Freud
Amalia Freud | |
---|---|
![]() Freud in 1903 | |
Born | Amalia Malka Nathansohn (1835-08-18)18 August 1835 Brody, Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria (present-day Ukraine) |
Died | 12 September 1930(1930-09-12) (aged 95) Vienna, First Austrian Republic |
Known for | Being the mother of Sigmund Freud |
Spouse | Jacob Freud |
Children | 8, including Sigmund Freud |
Relatives | Ernst L. Freud (grandson) Anna Freud (granddaughter) |
Amalia Malka Nathansohn Freud (née Nathansohn; 18 August 1835 – 12 September 1930) was the mother of Sigmund Freud. She was born in Brody, Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria[1] to Jacob Nathanson and Sarah Wilenz and later grew up in Odesa, where her mother came from (both cities located in modern-day Ukraine). She was married to Jacob Freud.
Amalia Freud died in Vienna at the age of 95 of tuberculosis.
Children
On 6 May 1856, when Amalia Freud was 20 years old, she gave birth to her first child, Sigmund Schlomo,[2] a famous neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis.
Including Sigmund, she had 8 children with her husband Jacob Freud; however, her other children are not as renowned as their elder brother. They are enumerated below in the consecutive order of birth.
- Julius (born in April 1857, died in December that year)
- Anna (born on 31 December 1858,[3] died on 11 March 1955)
- Regine Debora (Rosa) (born on 21 March 1860, deported to Treblinka on 23 September 1942)
- Marie (Mitzi) (born on 22 March 1861, deported to Treblinka 23 September 1942)
- Esther Adolfine (Dolfi) (born on 23 July 1862 – died on 5 February 1943 in Theresienstadt)
- Pauline Regine (Pauli) (born on 3 May 1864, deported to Treblinka on 23 September 1942)
- Alexander Gotthold Efraim (born on 19 April 1866, died on 23 April 1943)[4]
Character
Amalia was considered by her grandchildren to be an intelligent, strong-willed, quick-tempered but egotistical personality.[5] Ernest Jones saw her as lively and humorous, with a strong attachment to her eldest son whom she called "mein goldener Sigi".[6]
Relationship with eldest son
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/AmaliaFreud.jpg/190px-AmaliaFreud.jpg)
Just as Amalia idolised her eldest son, so there is evidence that the latter in turn idealised his mother, whose domineering hold over his life he never fully analysed.[7] He did however recount a railway journey with her at the age of 4 amongst his earliest memories and also recalled her instruction in German reading and writing.[8] Late in life he would term the mother-son relationship "the most perfect, the most free from ambivalence of all human relationships. A mother can transfer to her son the ambition she has been obliged to suppress in herself".[9] His tendency to split off and repudiate hostile elements in the relationship would be repeated with significant figures in his life such as his fiancée and Wilhelm Fliess.[10]
See also
References
- ^ "Sigmund Freud's Birth Record ("Amalia, daughter of Jakob Nathanson and Sara née Wilenz")". digi.archives.cz. Retrieved 18 July 2021.
- ^ http://www.pep-web.org/document.php?id=MPSA.014.0037A
- ^ "Anna Freud's Birth Record". digi.archives.cz. Retrieved 3 February 2022.
- ^ "Answers - the Most Trusted Place for Answering Life's Questions". Answers.com.
- ^ Peter Gay, Freud (1989) p. 504
- ^ Ernest Jones, The Life and Work of Sigmund Freud (1964) p. 32-3
- ^ Peter Gay, Freud (1989) p. 11 and p. 503-5
- ^ De Mijolla, Alain (2005). "Freud-Nathanson, Amalia Malka (1835-1930)". International Dictionary of Psychoanalysis: 629–630.
- ^ Sigmund Freud, New Introductory Lectures on psychoanalysis (1991) p. 168
- ^ Richard Stevens, Sigmund Freud (2008) p. 144-6
External links
- Freud and his mother
- Freud and his mother Amalia, in her apartment in Vienna, 5 May 1926
- v
- t
- e
- On Aphasia (1891)
- Studies on Hysteria (1895)
- The Interpretation of Dreams (including On Dreams) (1899)
- The Psychopathology of Everyday Life (1901)
- Jokes and Their Relation to the Unconscious (1905)
- Totem and Taboo (1913)
- Introduction to Psychoanalysis (1916–17)
- The History of the Psychoanalytic Movement (1917)
- Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego (1921)
- The Ego and the Id (1923)
- The Question of Lay Analysis (1926)
- The Future of an Illusion (1927)
- Civilization and Its Discontents (1930)
- Moses and Monotheism (1939)
- "The Aetiology of Hysteria" (1896)
- Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality (1905)
- Delusion and Dream in Jensen's Gradiva (1907)
- Creative Writers and Day-Dreaming (1908)
- Leonardo da Vinci, A Memory of His Childhood (1910)
- On Narcissism (1914)
- The History of the Psychoanalytic Movement (1914)
- Some Character-Types Met with in Psycho-Analytic Work (1915)
- Thoughts for the Times on War and Death (1916)
- Mourning and Melancholia (1918)
- Beyond the Pleasure Principle (1920)
- Medusa's Head (1922)
- Dostoevsky and Parricide (1928)
- "Dora" (Ida Bauer)
- Emma Eckstein
- Herbert Graf ("Little Hans")
- Irma's injection
- "Anna O." (Bertha Pappenheim)
- "Rat Man"
- Sergei Pankejeff ("Wolfman")
- Daniel Paul Schreber
concepts
- Bibliography
- Archives
- Vienna home and museum
- London home and museum
- Interment
- Freudian slip
- Humor
- Inner circle
- Neo-Freudianism
- Views on homosexuality
- Religious views
depictions
- Freud: The Secret Passion (1962 film)
- The Visitor (1993 play)
- Mahler on the Couch (2010 film)
- A Dangerous Method (2011 film)
- Freud (2020 TV series)
- Freud's Last Session (2023 film)