Beattock Summit : Railway history Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Beattock Summit

High point of a main railway line in Scotland

55°25′18″N 3°35′27″W / 55.4217°N 3.5907°W / 55.4217; -3.5907Grid referenceNS994152Platforms2Other informationStatusDisusedHistoryOriginal companyCaledonian RailwayPre-groupingCaledonian RailwayPost-groupingLondon Midland and Scottish RailwayKey dates3 January 1900Station opened^[1]After 1926Station closed^[1]

Location

Beattock Summit is the highest point of the West Coast Main Line (WCML) railway and of the A74(M) motorway as they cross between Dumfries and Galloway and South Lanarkshire in south west Scotland.

The height of the summit reached by the A74(M) motorway is 1,033 feet (315 m) above sea level. The adjacent railway reaches a slightly lower elevation of 1,016 feet (310 m).^[2] The summit is the watershed between the River Clyde to the north and Evan Water, a tributary of the River Annan to the south.

Railway history

The summit was the highest point on the Caledonian Railway Main Line north of the border (built by the Caledonian Railway and opened on 15 February 1848), it is located 52 miles (83 km) south of Glasgow Central and 349 miles (558 km) north of London Euston stations.^[3]

The northbound climb has a 15 mi (24 km) ascent, with gradients of up to 1 in 69 (1 foot of rising or falling gradient for every 69 feet of distance) which made it a notoriously severe climb in the days of steam locomotives, which frequently required banking assistance to get their trains up the incline. There was an engine shed at Beattock which had banking locomotives on standby twenty-four hours per day to minimise train delays.^[3]^[4] The railway was electrified in 1974 by British Rail.^[3]

The severity of the climb to the summit is referenced in W. H. Auden's poem Night Mail, written in 1936 for the G.P.O. Film Unit's celebrated production of the same name.^[2]

Liverpool and Manchester to Glasgow express nearing Beattock Summit in 1957
The Royal Scot approaches Beattock Summit in 1957
Railway cutting near Beattock Summit

Private station

The summit was the location of a private halt from 1900 to around 1926.^[1] 1966^[5]

Preceding station	Historical railways			Following station
Auchencastle Line open; Station closed		Caledonian Railway Main Line		Elvanfoot Line open; Station closed

References

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c Butt (1995), page 30
^ ^a ^b "Beattock Summit". Gazetteer for Scotland. Retrieved 2 October 2022.
^ ^a ^b ^c Buck, Martin, Rawlinson, Mark (2000). Line By Line, The West Coast Main Line, London Euston to Glasgow Central. Freightmaster Publishing. pp. 99–102. ISBN 0-9537540-0-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ "The "Royal Scot" A Famous Train of the LMS". Railway Wonders of the World. Retrieved 14 August 2023.
^ Railway passenger stations by M.Quick page 70

Sources

Butt, R. V. J. (October 1995). The Directory of Railway Stations: details every public and private passenger station, halt, platform and stopping place, past and present (1st ed.). Sparkford: Patrick Stephens Ltd. ISBN 978-1-85260-508-7. OCLC 60251199. OL 11956311M.
Jowett, Alan (March 1989). Jowett's Railway Atlas of Great Britain and Ireland: From Pre-Grouping to the Present Day (1st ed.). Sparkford: Patrick Stephens Ltd. ISBN 978-1-85260-086-0. OCLC 22311137.
Jowett, Alan (2000). Jowett's Nationalised Railway Atlas (1st ed.). Penryn, Cornwall: Atlantic Transport Publishers. ISBN 978-0-906899-99-1. OCLC 228266687.
Nock, Oswald (1974). Electric Euston to Glasgow (1st ed.). London: Ian Allan Limited. ISBN 0-7110-0530-3. OCLC 2283378.
Beattock Summit on navigable OS map
British Transport Films, (1974). "Wires over the Border". Disc One, Track 5, In: British Transport Films Collection. Volume 3: Running a Railway. (DVD Format), BFIVD720.