Calycanthaceae
Family of flowering plants
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| Calycanthaceae Temporal range: Turonian - recent[1] PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N | |
|---|---|
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| Calycanthus floridus | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Magnoliids |
| Order: | Laurales |
| Family: | Calycanthaceae Lindl.[2] |
| Genera | |
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The Calycanthaceae (sweetshrubs or spicebushes) are a small family of flowering plants in the order Laurales. The family contains three genera and only 10 known species [3], restricted to warm temperate and tropical regions:
| Calycanthaceae |
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[citation needed] |
They are aromatic, deciduous shrubs growing to 2–4 m tall, except for Idiospermum, which is a large evergreen tree. The flowers are white to red, with spirally arranged tepals. DNA-based phylogenies indicate the Northern Hemisphere Calycanthus and Chimonanthus diverged from each other in the mid-Miocene, while the Australian Idiospermum had already diverged by the Upper Cretaceous and likely represents a remnant of a former Gondwanan distribution of Calycanthaceae.
The oldest definitive fossil of the family is Jerseyanthus from the Turonian of New Jersey; the even earlier Araipa of Brazil and Virginianthus from Virginia may also represent members of the family, but may also be stem-Calycanthaceae or more basal Laurales.[1]
In the APG IV system of 2016, Calycanthaceae is placed in the Laurales order in the magnoliids clade.[4]
References
- ^ a b "Laurales". www.mobot.org. Retrieved 2023-07-20.
- ^ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 161 (2): 105–121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x. hdl:10654/18083.
- ^ Christenhusz, M. J. M.; Byng, J. W. (2016). "The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase". Phytotaxa. 261 (3): 201–217. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1.
- ^ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2016). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 181 (1): 1–20. doi:10.1111/boj.12385. ISSN 0024-4074.
External links
- Calycanthaceae in L. Watson and M. J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards). The families of flowering plants.
- Flora of North America: Calycanthaceae
- Flora of China Draft text of Calycanthaceae
- "Molecular phylogeny and intra- and intercontinental biogeography of Calycanthaceae"
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Families of flowering plants (APG IV)
- Supergroup Plant:
- Bryophyta
- Marchantiophyta
- Polypodiophyta
- Acrogymnospermae
- Angiospermae
| Amborellales | |
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| Nymphaeales | |
| Austrobaileyales |
Category
Authority control databases: National  |
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