Miles Fitzalan-Howard, 17th Duke of Norfolk

Major General His Grace The Duke of Norfolk KG, GCVO, CB, CBE, MC, DL
Portrait by Allan Warren
Earl Marshal
In office 31 January 1975 – 24 June 2002
Monarch	Elizabeth II
Preceded by	The 16th Duke of Norfolk
Succeeded by	The 18th Duke of Norfolk
Member of the House of Lords
Lord Temporal
as a hereditary 31 January 1975 – 11 November 1999
Preceded by	The 16th Duke of Norfolk
Succeeded by	Seat abolished
Ex officio as Earl Marshal 11 November 1999 – 24 June 2002
Succeeded by	The 18th Duke of Norfolk
Personal details
Born	Hon. Miles Francis Fitzalan-Howard (1915-07-21)21 July 1915 49 Eaton Place, London, England
Died	24 June 2002(2002-06-24) (aged 86) Bacres House, Hambleden, Buckinghamshire, England
Resting place	Fitzalan Chapel, Arundel Castle
Citizenship	British
Political party	Conservative
Spouse	Anne Constable-Maxwell ​ ​ (m. 1949)​
Children	5, including: Tessa Balfour, Countess of Balfour Lady Marcia Fitzalan-Howard Edward Fitzalan-Howard, 18th Duke of Norfolk
Parents	Bernard Fitzalan-Howard, 3rd Baron Howard of Glossop Mona Stapleton, 11th Baroness Beaumont
Alma mater	Christ Church, Oxford
Profession	Soldier
Military service
Allegiance	United Kingdom
Branch/service	British Army
Years of service	1936–1967
Rank	Major General
Unit	Grenadier Guards
Commands	Director of Service Intelligence Director of Management and Support Intelligence 1st Division
Battles/wars	Second World War
Awards	Companion of the Order of the Bath Commander of the Order of the British Empire Military Cross

Major General Miles Francis Stapleton Fitzalan-Howard, 17th Duke of Norfolk, KG, GCVO, CB, CBE, MC, DL (21 July 1915 – 24 June 2002), known between 1971 and 1972 as the Lord Beaumont and until 1975 as the Lord Beaumont and Howard of Glossop, was a British Army general and peer. He was the eldest son of Bernard Fitzalan-Howard, 3rd Baron Howard of Glossop, and his wife Mona Fitzalan-Howard, 11th Baroness Beaumont.

Besides inheriting the lordships from his father and mother, in 1975, he inherited the Dukedom of Norfolk from his second cousin once removed, making him the premier duke in the Peerage of England.

Military career

Educated at Ampleforth College and Christ Church, Oxford,^[1] Miles Fitzalan-Howard was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Territorial Army as a university candidate on 3 July 1936.^[2] and was subsequently commissioned in the same rank in the Grenadier Guards on 27 August 1937, with seniority from 30 January 1936.^[3] His service number was 52703. He was promoted to lieutenant on 30 January 1939^[4] and to captain on 30 January 1944.^[5]

In April 1944, as a temporary major during the Second World War, he was awarded the Military Cross for reconnaissance of mined roads.^[6] He was at the time on foot and under enemy fire. He was quoted in his obituary in The Independent as saying: "Anyone can be the Duke of Norfolk, but I'm rather proud of that medal."^[7]

Fitzalan-Howard was promoted to the substantive rank of major on 30 January 1949.^[8] Promoted to lieutenant-colonel on 28 February 1955,^[9] he was appointed Chief of the British mission to the Soviet forces in Germany in 1957, and received a promotion to colonel on 24 April 1958^[10] He was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE), Military Division, in the 1960 New Year Honours.^[11]

In 1961, he was appointed Commander of the 70th Brigade (King's African Rifles and the Kenya Regiment), just before Kenyan independence.^[12] Promoted to brigadier on 1 January 1963,^[13] he became General Officer Commanding 1st Division on 5 November, with the rank of temporary major general.^[14] He was confirmed in the substantive rank of major-general in February 1964, retroactive to 5 November and with seniority from 10 April 1963.^[15]

After relinquishing his command on 5 November 1965, he became Director of Management and Support Intelligence at the Ministry of Defence on 6 January 1966^[16] Appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) in the 1966 Queen's Birthday Honours,^[17] he was appointed Director of Service Intelligence at the Ministry of Defence on 29 July.^[18] He relinquished this appointment on 18 September of the following year and retired the same day, after 31 years of service.^[19]

Baronies of Beaumont and Howard of Glossop

The Duke inherited the Barony of Beaumont from his mother, the 11th Baroness, in 1971,^[1] and the Barony Howard of Glossop from his father, the 3rd Baron, in 1972.^[1]

Dukedom of Norfolk

When he was Lord Beaumont he inherited the Dukedom of Norfolk from his second cousin once removed, The 16th Duke of Norfolk, in 1975^[1] and added his mother's maiden name of Stapleton before his own that year. He also inherited the Great Office of Earl Marshal and Hereditary Marshal of England, which is attached to the Dukedom of Norfolk, thereby becoming responsible for State occasions.^[1] He became, by virtue of this office, the hereditary judge of the Court of Chivalry and head of the College of Arms, responsible for heraldry in England and Wales as well as other parts of the Commonwealth of Nations such as Australia and New Zealand.

He cancelled a plan to give Arundel Castle to the National Trust, instead creating an independent charitable trust to maintain the castle.^[1]

The Dukes of Norfolk remained Roman Catholic despite the Reformation (see recusancy). The Duke, as senior Roman Catholic peer of the United Kingdom, represented The Queen at the installations of Pope John Paul I and Pope John Paul II and at the funeral of Pope John Paul I.^[1] The 17th Duke was the patron of many Catholic charities and benevolent organisations, including the Catholic Building Society.

Personal life

One of eight children (all of whose first names started with the letter "M"), the Duke married Anne Mary Teresa Constable-Maxwell in 1949. They had two sons and three daughters:^[1]

• Lady Tessa Mary Isabel Fitzalan-Howard (born 20 September 1950), married Roderick Balfour, 5th Earl of Balfour; has issue, four daughters, one of whom is the playwright, Lady Kinvara Balfour.^[20]
• Lady Carina Mary Gabrielle Fitzalan-Howard (born 20 February 1952), married Sir David Frost; has issue.
• Lady Marcia Mary Josephine Fitzalan-Howard (born 10 March 1953), better known as the actress Marsha Fitzalan, married Patrick Ryecart (marriage dissolved); has issue.
• Edward Fitzalan-Howard, 18th Duke of Norfolk (b. 2 December 1956), married Georgina Susan Gore, has issue.
• Lord Gerald Bernard Fitzalan-Howard (born 13 June 1962), married Emma Roberts; has issue. He has resided with his family at Carlton Towers since 1991.

The Duke lived in the parish of Hambleden until his death on 24 June 2002. He was buried at Fitzalan Chapel on the western grounds of Arundel Castle. A memorial service was held at Westminster Cathedral, celebrated by the Cardinal Archbishop of Westminster; the congregation was led by Princess Alexandra of Kent representing the Queen and by Field Marshal Lord Bramall representing the Duke of Edinburgh.^[21]

Catholicism

He was Catholic but disagreed with the Church's view on birth control at a conference of Catholic teachers, "How can you ask a married couple to do it by thermometers and what not?" he asked. "My wife and I did that – it didn't bloody work. Has everybody got to have eight children like my mother?"^[22]

Honours and awards

Domestic

• Royal Victorian Chain (2000)
• Knight Companion of the Order of the Garter (1983)
• Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order (1986)
• Companion of the Order of the Bath (1966)
• Commander of the Order of the British Empire (1960)
• Military Cross
• Deputy Lieutenant of West Sussex

Foreign

•  Holy See: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Pius IX
•  Sovereign Order of Malta: Grand Cross pro merito Melitensi

Family

Ancestry

Family tree

References

External links

• Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by the Duke of Norfolk