The mingghan (Middle Mongolian: *mïŋgan) was a social-military unit of 1000 households created by Genghis Khan. From this group could be recruited a Mongol regiment of 1000 men. It is part of the ancient method of organization developed by the nomads of Central Asia based on the decimal system.[1] A tumen, which included 10,000 households and soldiers,[2] was the largest group and it was divided into ten mingghan.[1] A mingghan was made up of 10 jaghuns[2] or 100 arbans.[3] An account cited that once he becomes a guard, it is the duty of a mingghan commander's son to bring a younger brother and 10 other men to serve with him.[4]
See also
References
- ^ a b Lusted, Marcia Amidon (2017). Genghis Khan and the Building of the Mongol Empire. New York: The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. p. 32. ISBN 9781499463521.
- ^ a b Behnke, Alison (2008). The Conquests of Genghis Khan. Minneapolis, MN: Twenty-First Century Books. p. 61. ISBN 9780822575191.
- ^ Franke, Herbert, Denis Twitchett and John King Fairbank. (1994) The Cambridge History of China: Volume 6, Alien Regimes and Border States, 710–1368. Cambridge University Press. pp.345.
- ^ Hartog, Leo De (2004). Genghis Khan: Conqueror of the World. New York: Tauris Parke Paperbacks. pp. 45. ISBN 1860649726.
Mongol Empire
Terminology |
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| Titles | - Khagan
- Khan
- Khatun
- Khanum
- Jinong
- Khong Tayiji
- Noyan
- Tarkhan
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| Asia | | Central | - Siberia (1207-1308)
- Qara Khitai (1216–18)
- Khwarazmian Empire (1219–1221)
- Persia (1219–1256)
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| East | - Western Xia (1205 / 1207 / 1209–10 / 1225–27)
- Northern China (1211–34)
- Korea (1231–60)
- Southern China (1235–79)
- Tibet (1236 / 1240 / 1252)
- Yunnan (1253–56)
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| Southeast | - Burma (1277 / 1283 / 1287)
- Java (1293)
- Vietnam (1257 / 1284–88)
- Burma (1300–02)
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| South | |
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| Europe | - Georgia (1220–22 / 1226–31 / 1237–64)
- Circassia (1237–1300s)
- Chechnya (1237–1300s)
- Volga Bulgaria (1229–36)
- Alania (1238–1239)
- Kievan Rus' (1223 / 1236–40)
- Poland and Bohemia (1240–41)
- Hungary (1241–42)
- Holy Roman Empire (1241–42)
- Serbia and Bulgaria (1242)
- Latin Empire (1242)
- Lithuania (1258–59)
- Poland (1259–60)
- Thrace (1264–65)
- Hungary (1285–86)
- Poland (1287–88)
- Serbia (1291)
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| Middle East | - Anatolia (1241–43)
- Alamut (1253–1256)
- Baghdad (1258)
- Syria (1260–1323)
- Palestine (1260 / 1301)
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| Civil wars | - Division of the Mongol Empire
- Toluid Civil War (1260–64)
- Berke–Hulagu war (1262)
- Kaidu–Kublai war (1268–1301)
- Esen Buqa–Ayurbarwada war (1314–1318)
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