Nader Shah's Sindh expedition

Nader Shah's Sindh expedition
Part of Nader Shah's invasion of the Mughal Empire & Nader's Campaigns
Rani Kot48a
Nader's expedition took him from the freezing heights of the Hindu Kush to the scorching heat of the Sindh valley over some of the most rugged terrain in Asia which was also host to a myriad of fortresses & strongholds.
DateEarly July 1739 – Late February 1740
Location
Hindu Kush & Sindh
Result Persian victory
Territorial
changes		 The Persian Empire subjugates Sindh and solidifies its hold on the rest of the newly annexed lands from the Mughal Empire.[1]
Belligerents
Persian Empire Kalhora Dynasty
Commanders and leaders
Nader Shah Mian Sarfraz Kalhoro (Khudayar Khan) (POW)
Strength
Unknown Unknown
  • v
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Campaigns of Nader Shah
Fall of the Safavids [fa]
  • Battle of Gulnabad
  • Siege of Isfahan

Khorasan Campaign

  • Sangan
  • Sabzevar

Afghan Campaigns

  • 1st Afghan Campaign
  • 2nd Afghan Campaign
  • Qandahar

Safavid restoration

First Ottoman War

Indian Campaign


Central Asian Campaign

Dagestan Campaign

Persian Gulf Campaign

Second Ottoman War

  • Siege of Mosul
  • Siege of Kars
  • Battle of Kars

Rebellions & Civil War

  • Rebellion of Sheikh Ahmad Madani
  • Bakhtiyari Rebellions
  • Rebellion of 1733
  • Kartli Revolt of 1736
  • Derajat Rebellion
  • Balkh Revolt of 1741
  • Kish mutiny
  • Revolt of Sam Mirza
  • Khoy Revolt of 1743-46
  • Kartli Revolt
  • Fars Rebellion of 1744
  • Qajar revolt of 1744
  • Kerman Revolt of 1746
  • Sistan Uprising of 1746
  • Muscat Uprising of 1746-47
  • Garmsirat Revolts of 1746-47
  • Zafaranlu Uprising of 1747

The Sindh expedition was one of Nader Shah's last campaigns during his war in northern India. After his victory over Muhammad Shah, the Mughal emperor, Nader had compelled him to cede all the lands to the west of the Indus River. His return to this region from Delhi was honoured by all the governors of the newly annexed territories save for Khudayar Khan, ruler of Sindh, who was conspicuously absent despite being given a summons like the rest of the governors.

Nader's descent onto Sindh

Nader set out across the Hindu Kush mountains on a 1,700 kilometre journey which came to a close within 2 months.[2] The astonished Khodayar-khan was caught completely off balance and could not gather forces to resist, given the unexpected emergence of the Imperial army as well as the rapidity of its advance into his lands. Completely dismayed and demoralised he surrendered himself to Nader, whence he was chained and all his personal wealth including his treasury confiscated. After the intercedence of a sympathetic governor, Nader reinstated Khodayar-khan as the ruler of Sindh.

See also

Further reading

  • Axworthy, Michael, Nader Shah: The Sword of Persia, From Tribal Warrior to Conquering Tyrant, I.B. Tauris, 2009
  • Lockhart, Laurence, Nadir Shah; A Critical Study Based Mainly Upon Contemporary Sources, London, Luzac & Co 1938

References

  1. ^ Axworthy, Michael (2009). The Sword of Persia: Nader Shah, from tribal warrior to conquering tyrant,p. 278. I. B. Tauris
  2. ^ Axworthy, Michael (2009). The Sword of Persia: Nader Shah, from tribal warrior to conquering tyrant,p. 278. I. B. Tauris