Nansemond language
Extinct unclassified language of Virginia, United States
| Nansemond | |
|---|---|
| Native to | Virginia |
| Ethnicity | Nansemond |
| Era | recorded 1901 |
Language family | unclassified (Algonquian?) |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | None (mis) |
The Nansemond language is an extinct language that was spoken by the Nansemond people of Virginia, United States.
The Nansemond language may have been a member of the Algonquian language family, similar to that of many other Atlantic coastal tribes. However, only six words have been preserved, which are not enough to identify and classify it.[1]
Word list
The six Nansemond words, which may have been corrupted in memory by the time they were written down in 1901, are:[2]
English Nansemond one nĭkătwĭn two näkătwĭn three nikwásăti four toisíaw’ five mishä́naw dog marímo
Lexical comparison
Below is a comparison of Nansemond words and selected proto-languages from Zamponi (2024).[3]
language one two three four five dog Nansemond nĭkătwĭn näkătwĭn nikwásăti toisíaw’ mishäʹnaw marímo Proto-Algonquian[4] *nekwetwi *nyi·šwi *neʔθwi *nye·wi *nya·θanwi, pale·neθkwi *aθemwa Proto-Iroquoian (PI)/
Proto-Northern Iroquoian (PNI)[5]*õskat (PNI) *tekniːh (PNI) *ahsẽh (PNI) *kajeɹi (PNI) *hwihsk (PI) *kiːɹ (PI) Proto-Siouan[6] *rų·sa *rų́·pa *rá·wrį *tó·pa *kiSų́· *wašų́ke/*wišų́·ke
See also
- Pamunkey language
References
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-12-31. Retrieved 2018-12-31.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ A Vocabulary of Powhatan, compiled by Captain John Smith, with two word-lists of Pamunkey and Nansemond from other sources. Evolution Publishing, 1997.
- ^ Zamponi, Raoul (2024). "Unclassified languages". The Languages and Linguistics of Indigenous North America. De Gruyter. pp. 1627–1648. doi:10.1515/9783110712742-061. ISBN 978-3-11-071274-2.
- ^ Hewson, John. 1993. A computer-generated dictionary of Proto-Algonquian. Hull: Canadian Museum of Civilization.
- ^ Julian, Charles. 2010. A history of the Iroquoian languages. Winnipeg: University of Manitoba Ph.D. dissertation.
- ^ Rankin, Robert L., Richard T. Carter, A. Wesley Jones, John E. Koontz, David S. Rood & Iren Hartmann (eds.). 2015. Comparative Siouan dictionary. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Accessed 31 January 2023.
- v
- t
- e
Algic languages
| Arapahoan |
| ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cree–Montagnais–Naskapi |
| ||||||||
| Eastern Algonquian |
| ||||||||
| Mesquakie–Sauk–Kickapoo | |||||||||
| Ojibwa–Potawatomi |
| ||||||||
| Others |
- Nansemond
- Pamunkey
