James FitzJames

James FitzJames, Adipati Pertama Berwick, Adipati Pertama Liria dan Jérica, Adipati Pertama Fitz-James (21 Agustus 1670 – 12 Juni 1734) merupakan seorang pemimpin militer Prancis-Inggris, ia adalah putra tidak sah Raja James II dari Inggris dan Arabella Churchill, saudari Adipati Pertama Marlborough. Berwick adalah seorang jenderal yang sukses mendukung Louis XIV dari Prancis.

Catatan

Referensi

Handley, Stuart (May 2011). "Fitzjames, James, Duke of Berwick upon Tweed (1670–1734". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (edisi ke-online). Oxford University Press. berlangganan atau keanggotan Perpustakaan Umum Britania Raya diperlukan
Holmes, Richard (2000). Marlborough. London: HarperPress.
Thomson, G. M. (1987). The First Churchill: Life of the Duke of Marlborough. Morrow.
Tucker, Spencer C., ed. (2015). "James Fitzjames, First Duke of Berwick". 500 Great Military Leaders. I. ABC-CLIO.
Waller, Maureen (2002). Ungrateful Daughters: The Stuart Princesses Who Stole Their Father's Crown. St. Martin's Griffin.
White-Spunner, Sir Barney (2010). Horse Guards. London: Macmillan.
"No. 2224". The London Gazette. 10 March 1686. hlm. 2.

Bacaan selanjutnya

Cavendish, Richard (April 2007). "The Battle of Almanza". History Today. 57 (4).
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Berwick, James FitzJames, Duke of". Encyclopædia Britannica. 3 (edisi ke-11). Cambridge University Press. hlm. 835–836.
Childs, John (1980). The Army of James II and The Glorious Revolution. Manchester University Press.
Lees-Milne, James (1983). The Last Stuarts. Hogarth Press.
Petrie, Charles (1953). Charles, Duke of Berwick: the picture of an age. Eyre & Spottiswoode.
Petrie, Sir Charles (1953). The Marshal Duke of Berwick: The Picture of an Age. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode.
Ryan, Sean (2000). "The Marshal Duke of Berwick (1670–1734)". Wild Geese Heritage Museum and Library.
Stephens, Henry Morse (1889). "Fitzjames, James". Dalam Stephen, Leslie. Dictionary of National Biography. 19. London: Smith, Elder & Co. hlm. 184–185.