Arapahoan languages

The Arapahoan languages are a subgroup of the Plains group of Algonquian languages: Nawathinehena, Arapaho, and Gros Ventre.

Nawathinehena is extinct and Arapaho and Gros Ventre are both endangered.^[1][2]

Besawunena, attested only from a word list collected by Kroeber, differs only slightly from Arapaho, but a few of its sound changes resemble those seen in Gros Ventre. It had speakers among the Northern Arapaho as recently as the late 1920s. ^{[citation needed]}

Nawathinehena is also attested only from a word list collected by Kroeber, and was the most divergent language of the group. ^{[citation needed][3]}

Another reported Arapahoan variety is the extinct Ha'anahawunena, but there is no documentation of it.^{[citation needed]}

Classification

The Glottolog database classifies the Arapahoan languages as follows:^[4]

Notes

References

• Goddard, Ives (2001). "The Algonquian Languages of the Plains." In Plains, Part I, ed. Raymond J. DeMallie. Vol. 13 of Handbook of North American Indians, ed. William C. Sturtevant. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, pp. 71–79.
• Marianne Mithun (1999). The Languages of Native North America. Cambridge Language Surveys. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

External links

• "Arapaho" at Native-languages.org
• "Gros Ventre" at Native-languages.org

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